{"id":9441,"date":"2022-03-28T06:49:41","date_gmt":"2022-03-28T06:49:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/thichblog.net\/?p=9441"},"modified":"2022-03-28T06:49:41","modified_gmt":"2022-03-28T06:49:41","slug":"vi-sao-chung-ta-lai-thuong-ao-tuong-ve-su-hieu-biet-cua-ban-than","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vibeshelf.me\/?p=9441","title":{"rendered":"V\u00cc SAO CH\u00daNG TA L\u1ea0I TH\u01af\u1edcNG \u1ea2O T\u01af\u1edeNG V\u1ec0 S\u1ef0 HI\u1ec2U BI\u1ebeT C\u1ee6A B\u1ea2N TH\u00c2N?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

(B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e1ng suy ng\u1eabm d\u00e0nh cho b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai!)<\/strong>
Ch\u1eafc h\u1eb3n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f4i l\u00fac b\u1ea1n r\u01a1i v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i nghe m\u1ed9t g\u00e3 \u201cgi\u00e1o s\u01b0 cu\u1ed9i\u201d n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 luy\u00ean thuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, trong khi th\u1eadt ra g\u00e3 ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ec1 bi\u1ebft x\u00edu xiu n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng kh\u00f4ng gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc th\u00eam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh khi\u1ebfn b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i mua b\u1ef1c v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi do b\u1ecb k\u00e9o v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0 m\u00ecnh c\u00e1 l\u00e0 trong \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ea1n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7n ra m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i c\u00e1i t\u00ean r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ea5y. \u00c0 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng, n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n ra c\u1ea3 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c t\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i khi b\u1ea1n ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ean \u201cgi\u00e1o s\u01b0\u201d \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi ph\u1ea3i. \u0110\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 con b\u1ea1n c\u00f9ng khoa, \u00f4ng h\u00e0ng x\u00f3m hay nh\u1eadu nh\u1eb9t r\u01b0\u1ee3u ch\u00e8 th\u00edch b\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c s\u1ef1, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi \u2026 \u1eeb, ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3. Nghe t\u1ec7 nh\u1ec9?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng, c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh \u201cgi\u00e1o s\u01b0\u201d n\u00eau tr\u00ean l\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 m\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn cao h\u01a1n t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m CV19 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n. N\u00f3 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c t\u1eeb d\u00e2n gian xa x\u01b0a cho \u0111\u1ebfn truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t cho n\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i t\u00ean g\u1ecdi th\u00e2n th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u2013 \u201cth\u00f9ng r\u1ed7ng k\u00eau to(oang)\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ec7nh \u201cth\u00f9ng r\u1ed7ng k\u00eau to\u201d n\u00e0y th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i cho vi\u1ec7c \u201cT\u1ea1i sao con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1i \u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n\u201d, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00f3i tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi hai nh\u00e0 t\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc David Dunning v\u00e0 Justin Kruger. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t theo t\u00ean c\u1ee7a hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 \u201cHi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Dunning Kruger\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u00ecn chung ai c\u0169ng ngh\u0129 \u201cch\u1eafc l\u00e0 c\u00e1i b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y n\u00f3 ch\u1eeba m\u00ecnh ra\u201d nh\u01b0ng tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 l\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c ch\u1ee7 quan c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ea5y, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 t\u00f4i, hay b\u1ea1n, hay b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 m\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng m\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng t\u00e2m l\u00fd n\u00e0y v\u00e0 l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i t\u1ea1i sao ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y d\u01b0\u1edbi g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 x\u00e9t xem n\u00f3 s\u1ebd gi\u00fap \u00edch g\u00ec cho ch\u00fang ta trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

HI\u1ec6U \u1ee8NG DUNNING \u2013 KRUGER<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u \u1edf tr\u00ean, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi 2 nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u00e0 David Dunning v\u00e0 Justin Kruger v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c sai l\u1ea7m v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n (Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u g\u1ed1c c\u00f3 t\u00ean \u201cUnskilled and Unaware of It: How Difficulties in Recognizing One\u2019s Own Incompetence Lead to Inflated Self-Assessments\u201d).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u00ean, 2 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t v\u00e0 h\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 phi h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt (v\u1ec1 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, t\u01b0 duy logic v\u00e0 khi\u1ebfu h\u00e0i h\u01b0\u1edbc), sau \u0111\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ecd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sau \u0111\u00f3, hai nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia v\u1edbi c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 khi\u1ebfu h\u00e0i h\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi ch\u00e9p l\u1ea1i n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng, Dunning v\u00e0 Kruger \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh h\u1ecfi 65 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia. Trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t \u2026 nh\u1ea1t, hay l\u00e0 k\u00e9m trong vi\u1ec7c nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 h\u00e0i h\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef1 nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u201cch\u00faa h\u1ec1\u201d v\u00e0 cho m\u00ecnh c\u00e1i quy\u1ec1n ngang nh\u01b0 t\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1n x\u00e9t \u00f3c h\u00e0i h\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. C\u00f2n nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0i h\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 v\u1ebb kh\u00e1 khi\u00eam nh\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u1ea1i v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng \u201cm\u1eb7n\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u thu th\u1eadp s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 v\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan gi\u1eefa 2 bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 \u201cS\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 tin \u2013 Confidence\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cS\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft \u2013 Knowledge\u201d. Trong \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1ee5c tung l\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n \u201cM\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ef1 tin\u201d, tr\u1ee5c ho\u00e0nh bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n \u201cM\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng, khi ch\u00fang ta h\u1ecdc hay ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u1ee9 g\u00ec m\u1edbi, \u1edf th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 ti\u1ebfp thu nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u0103n b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 cho m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 gi\u1ecfi h\u01a1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi (\u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ecb c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c l\u1edbn \u0111i l\u00ean, bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, khi th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 nghi\u00eam t\u00fac v\u00e0 \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y mu\u00f4n v\u00e0n th\u1ee9 ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn ra m\u00ecnh \u2026 \u201cn.g.u\u201d (\u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ecb c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c l\u1edbn \u0111i xu\u1ed1ng, bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh). Khi h\u1ecd th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 master m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 r\u1ed3i, \u0111\u1ed9 t\u01b0 tin h\u1ecd s\u1ebd t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng ch\u1eadm d\u1ea7n (\u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ecb tho\u1ea3i \u0111i l\u00ean, giao \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ea5p).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"The<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 khi h\u1ecdc Marketing c\u0103n b\u1ea3n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef m\u1edbi nh\u01b0 \u201c\u0110\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u\u201d, \u201cIMC Plan\u201d, \u201c4Ps\u201d, \u201cM\u00f4 h\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb Marketing\u201d,\u2026 ch\u00fang ta r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 l\u1ea7m t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 trong tay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u01b0ng tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u va v\u1ea5p trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng doanh nghi\u1ec7p, m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u cao h\u01a1n \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 BI\u1ebeT, \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 HI\u1ec2U S U, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 T\u1ea0O RA L\u1ee2I NHU\u1eacN.
N\u00f3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, t\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t trong nhi\u1ec1u quy m\u00f4 doanh nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch brainstorm kh\u00e1c nhau, v\u00e2n v\u00e2n v\u00e0 m\u00e2y m\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i v\u00ec sao m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1ea3y t\u1eeb ng\u00e0nh n\u00e0y sang ng\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian l\u1ea1i ch\u00e1n, \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00ec h\u1ecd \u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfp thu nhanh ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn nhanh ch\u00f3ng, nh\u01b0ng th\u1eadt ra \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c an to\u00e0n m\u00e0 n\u00e3o b\u1ed9 mang l\u1ea1i ( hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng thi\u00ean v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u2013 confirmation bias), h\u1ecd th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t m\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, n\u00ean khi ng\u1ee5p l\u1eb7n trong nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u00e2u h\u01a1n, h\u1ecd d\u1ec5 ch\u00e1n n\u1ea3n v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u2026 nh\u1ea3y ng\u00e0nh!…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00ec sao ch\u00fang ta l\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 \u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 2 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  • Thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c sai l\u1ea7m<\/li>
  • S\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    Thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c sai l\u1ea7m<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Dunning cho r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra 2 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t sinh. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3 khi\u1ebfn cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ngh\u00e8o n\u00e0n trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c m\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ecfi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Th\u1ee9 hai, ch\u00ednh v\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng v\u1ec1 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n n\u00ean h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khi n\u00e0o h\u1ecd sai, khi n\u00e0o h\u1ecd \u0111\u00fang trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c sai l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n, ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf, h\u1ecd v\u1eabn n\u1eb1m trong h\u1ec7 quy chi\u1ebfu hay mi\u1ec1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh v\u1ea1ch ra, h\u00e0nh x\u1eed v\u00e0 l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u201cch\u00e0ng ng\u1ed1c\u201d nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn ra \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    S\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n n\u00e0y h\u01a1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat so v\u1edbi nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng nh\u00ecn chung v\u1eabn b\u1ed5 tr\u1ee3 cho nhau. \u1ede nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, khi b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh \u201cth\u00f9ng r\u1ed7ng k\u00eau to\u201d, th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m do h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c sai l\u1ea7m \u1ea5y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    C\u00f2n \u1edf nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n n\u00e0y, h\u1ecd ng\u1ed9 nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh r\u1ea5t gi\u1ecfi do m\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, c\u00e1i s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0m cho h\u1ecd ngh\u0129 ra m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec5n c\u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u1eb9p, r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u1ea5y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Hai th\u00e1i c\u1ef1c, m\u1ed9t th\u00e1i c\u1ef1c l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c, m\u1ed9t th\u00e1i c\u1ef1c l\u00e0m t\u0103ng s\u1ef1 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c m\u00e0 k\u1ebb \u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u1ea5y c\u00e0ng khi\u1ebfn cho \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ef1 tin c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng cao trong khi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c ch\u1ec9 \u0111ang \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Ne n\u00e9 c\u00e1i b\u1ec7nh \u201cgi\u00e1o s\u01b0\u201d n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u b\u00e0i, b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec5m c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y. \u0110\u1eebng ng\u1ed9 nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n, \u0111\u00f4i khi ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n t\u1ef1 nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn b\u1ea1n khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n m\u00e0 th\u00f4i, c\u00f2n n\u1ebfu nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn t\u1eeb th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf kh\u00e1ch quan th\u00ec bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e2u, b\u1ea1n l\u1ea1i \u0111ang mang trong m\u00ecnh c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh th\u00f9ng r\u1ed7ng k\u00eau to \u0111\u1ea5y. Ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n b\u1ea1n \u0111ang kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sai l\u1ea7m, n\u00ean b\u1ea1n v\u1eabn ngh\u0129 d\u00f9 m\u00ecnh r\u1ea5t gi\u1ecfi, nh\u01b0ng m\u00ecnh khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    H\u00e3y t\u1ea1m g\u00e1c l\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng t\u00ecm l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p hay nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t kh\u00e1ch quan t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi xung quanh, b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean \u0111i t\u00ecm nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p cho ch\u00ednh b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 2 c\u00e1ch r\u00fat ra t\u1eeb m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh Dunning Kruger \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft lu\u00f4n khi\u1ebfn m\u00ecnh v\u1eefng t\u00e2m v\u00e0 v\u1eefng tr\u00ed, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb c\u00e1i d\u1ed1t l\u00e0m m\u00f9 m\u1edd nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u0110\u1eb7t nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 th\u1ee9 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Th\u1eadt k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1, ch\u1eafc h\u1eb3n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n l\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng \u201cbi\u1ebft r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m g\u00ec cho m\u1ea5t th\u1eddi gian?\u201d. Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp, c\u00e1i ch\u00fang ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cbi\u1ebft\u201d ch\u1ec9 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf suy ngh\u0129, c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn ch\u1ee7 quan c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ch\u00fang ta m\u00e0 th\u00f4i, th\u1ebf n\u00ean n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea1n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ecfi h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft s\u1ebd cho b\u1ea1n c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i nghe g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i tranh lu\u1eadn nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn \u0111a chi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. N\u00f3 s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi v\u00f9ng ng\u1ed9 nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Li\u00ean t\u1ee5c luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn ra m\u00ecnh \u2026 \u201cn.g.u\u201d<\/strong>
    C\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c t\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn m\u00ecnh gi\u1ecfi \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u00f2n gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft ch\u00fang ta nhanh h\u01a1n s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 m\u00ecnh r\u1ea5t n.g.u.
    D\u00f9 \u1edf b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0o, h\u00e3y c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn ra nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng trong c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, n\u00e2ng cao kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c sai l\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ec3 \u201cn\u00f3i \u00edt \u0111i, kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Nh\u00ecn chung, ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00e1ch suy lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ng\u1ea1o m\u1ea1n d\u01b0\u1edbi g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch suy ngh\u0129 l\u00fd t\u00ednh h\u01a1n trong c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.
    Tr\u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c ng\u1ed9 nh\u1eadn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng n.g.u ng.\u1ed1.c trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai m\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Ngu\u1ed3n: Camnest<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    (B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e1ng suy ng\u1eabm d\u00e0nh cho b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai!)Ch\u1eafc h\u1eb3n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f4i l\u00fac b\u1ea1n r\u01a1i v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i nghe m\u1ed9t g\u00e3 \u201cgi\u00e1o s\u01b0 cu\u1ed9i\u201d n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 luy\u00ean thuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, trong khi th\u1eadt ra g\u00e3 ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ec1 bi\u1ebft x\u00edu xiu n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3. \u0110i\u1ec1u […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9230,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[347],"class_list":["post-9441","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kynangsong","tag-ky-nang-song"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vibeshelf.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9441","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vibeshelf.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vibeshelf.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vibeshelf.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vibeshelf.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9441"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vibeshelf.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9441\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vibeshelf.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vibeshelf.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9441"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vibeshelf.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9441"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vibeshelf.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9441"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}